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  • 铸铁平台厂家带大家认识铸造方法对铸件结构的要求

    本站编辑:杭州达跃机械有限公司发布日期:2019-10-18 19:17 浏览次数:

    铸铁平台厂家带大家认识铸造方法对铸件结构的要求
     
    (一)熔模铸件:
     
    1.便于蜡模的制造
     
    2.铸件上的孔、槽不宜过小或过深过小或过深的孔、槽,不利于制壳时涂料和砂粒顺利地充填熔模上相应的孔洞,形成合适的型腔;同时,过深的孔、槽也给铸件的清砂工作带来困难。通常,孔径应大于2mm(薄件>0.5mm)。通孔时,孔深/孔径<4-6,不通孔时,孔深/孔径<2。槽宽应大于2mm,槽深不超过槽宽的2-6倍。
     
     
     
     
    3.减少热节,壁厚力求均匀熔模铸造一般不单设置冒口,而是利用加粗的直浇道作为冒口直接补缩铸件。与此工艺相适应,应尽量采用薄壁结构,并使壁厚分布符合定向凝固原则。
     
     
     
    4.避免大平板结构由于熔模型壳的高温强度较低,容易变形,所以设计铸件结构时,应尽量避免大的平面。
     
    (二)金属型铸件:
     
    1.铸件的外形和内腔应力求简单,尽可能加大铸件的结构斜度,避免采用直径过小或过深的孔,以便于抽出型芯和保证铸件顺利取出。
     
    2.铸件的壁厚要均匀,以防出现缩松和裂纹缺陷;同时要注意壁厚不能太薄,尽量避免大的水平壁,以防止浇不到、冷隔等缺陷,如铝硅合金铸件的最小壁厚为2mm~4mm,铝镁合金的比较小壁厚为3mm-5mm。
     
    (三)压铸件:
     
    1.压铸件应尽量消除侧凹和深腔。
     
    2.尽量采用壁厚均匀的薄壁结构。压铸件适宜的壁厚一般为:锌合金1mm-3mm,铝合金1.5mm-5mm,铜合金2mm-5mm。
     
    3.压铸可以采用镶嵌件,应充分发挥镶嵌件的优越性,以便制出复杂件、改善压铸件局部性能和简化装配工艺。为使嵌件在铸件中的联接可靠,应将嵌件镶入铸件部分制出凹槽、凸台或滚花等。
    Cast iron platform manufacturers bring everyone to understand the casting method of casting structure requirements
     
     
     
    (I) investment casting:
     
     
     
    1. Easy to make wax mold
     
     
     
    2. The holes and grooves in the casting should not be too small or too deep, which is not conducive to the coating and sand grains filling the corresponding holes in the melt mold smoothly during shell making and forming an appropriate mold cavity; At the same time, too deep holes and grooves also bring difficulties to sand removal of castings. In general, the aperture should be larger than 2mm(thin > 0.5mm). When the hole is through, the hole depth/aperture is < 4-6; when the hole is not through, the hole depth/aperture is < 2. The width of the groove shall be greater than 2mm, and the depth of the groove shall not exceed 2-6 times the width.
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    3. Reduce hot spot and make the wall thickness as uniform as possible in investment casting. Generally, the riser is not set separately, but the thickened direct runner is used as the riser to directly supplement the casting. The thin-wall structure should be adopted as far as possible and the distribution of wall thickness should conform to the principle of directional solidification.
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    Due to the low strength at high temperature of the melted model shell, it is easy to deform. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid large plane when designing casting structure.
     
     
     
    (ii) metal casting:
     
     
     
    1. The shape and inner cavity of the casting should be as simple as possible, and the structural inclination of the casting should be increased as much as possible to avoid the hole with too small or too deep diameter, so as to facilitate the core extraction and ensure the smooth removal of the casting.
     
     
     
    2. The casting wall thickness should be uniform to prevent shrinkage and crack defects; At the same time, it should be noted that the wall thickness should not be too thin and large horizontal wall should be avoided as much as possible to prevent defects such as uncasting and cold insulation. For example, the minimum wall thickness of al-si alloy casting should be 2mm~4mm, and the minimum wall thickness of al-mg alloy should be 3mm-5mm.
     
     
     
    (3) die-casting parts:
     
     
     
    1. The die casting should be as far as possible to eliminate side concave and deep cavity.
     
     
     
    2. Use thin-wall structure with uniform wall thickness as far as possible. The suitable wall thickness for die casting is generally 1mm-3mm for zinc alloy, 1.5mm for aluminum alloy and 2mm-5mm for copper alloy.
     
     
     
    3. Inlaid parts can be used in die casting. The advantages of inlaid parts should be given full play to make complex parts, improve the local performance of the die casting parts and simplify the assembly process. In order to make the connection of the insert in the casting reliable, the insert should be made into groove, boss or knurling etc.